Description of drilling rigs:
What is a Rig
A rig is a device , which is used to penetrate through the earth to a certain depth underground to
exploit minerals for human consumption.
Types of Rigs
1. Cable and tool percussive drilling (percussion )
2. Rotary drill rig (schramn, xu 600 , pilcon, Romanian, Diamond)
3. Percussive rotary drill rig (schramn, aquadrll etc )
4. Core rotary drill rigs(, xu 600, pilcon, diamond)
5. Reverse circulation rotary drill rigs (Romanian)
EXPLANATION OF DRILLING RIGS
a. Rotary Rigs ; This type of rig is designed to drill by applying rotation to the drilling
head driven by hydraulic oil pressure, which eventually drives the drilling string to
rotate . Bits like roller , alloyed bit and short bits are used.
b. Percussive Rotary Rigs; In this type of rig the rotation application is quite the
same , except that the bit is connected
c. Cable and tool Percussive Rig; This type of drilling method is accomplished by
regular lifting and dropping of a strings of tools. This phenomenon is aided by means of
connecting rod crank mechanism of oscillating movement to the locker frame. The
rocker frame ,the drum with a rope, which has the connection to the pulley and drilling
string.
d. Core Rotary Rigs ; In this type of rig the drilling method is to drill and take out
cores instead of rocks dust ( rock cuttings ) Hollow bit and core barrel are used drilling
tools
e. Reverse Circulation Method; In this method of drilling, setting of the circulation
system is reversible, that means the fluid flows hydraulically in the well, and then the
cuttings are uplifted inside the drill pipe up to the swivel where the sucktion hose is
connected to let out cuttings to the pump which eventually pumps the cuttings out to the
mud pit.